Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, boasts a fascinating blend of historic and modern architectural gems that showcase the city’s rich heritage and dynamic growth.
From ancient coral-stone buildings in Al Balad to sleek, towering skyscrapers, Jeddah’s skyline is a reflection of its diverse cultural and historical influences.
For those interested in exploring the architectural marvels of Jeddah, this article will guide you through the ten best buildings that define the city’s unique landscape.
Whether you are a history enthusiast, an architecture aficionado, or a curious traveler, these landmarks offer a glimpse into the city’s evolving identity.
1. King Fahd’s Fountain
King Fahd’s Fountain, also known as the Jeddah Fountain, is a prominent landmark in Jiddah, Saudi Arabia.
Rising to an impressive height of 853 feet (260 meters), it is recognized as the tallest fountain of its kind in the world.
The fountain was donated to the city by King Fahd bin Abdulaziz.
Located in the Al Hamra district, it is visible from various points along the Jeddah Corniche.
The fountain’s powerful water jet is a sight to behold both during the day and at night, when it is illuminated by numerous lights.
Constructed between 1980 and 1983, the fountain was officially launched in 1985.
This architectural marvel contributes significantly to Jiddah’s skyline.
Its design and engineering make it a popular attraction for both locals and tourists.
King Fahd’s Fountain stands as a tribute to modern Saudi engineering capabilities and a beloved symbol of the city.
2. Al-Balad (Old Town)
Al-Balad, meaning “Old Town,” is the historical heart of Jeddah.
Established during the 7th century, it showcases Jeddah’s rich past. The area features around 650 traditional buildings within 2.5 square kilometers.
Wandering through Al-Balad’s maze-like alleyways, visitors can find souks, mosques, and ancient homes.
The district is protected under UNESCO World Heritage status, recognizing its cultural significance.
One of Al-Balad’s highlights includes the Bab Jadid gate, one of the eight main gates. This entry point marks the start of many walking tours.
During Ramadan, Al-Balad transforms with culinary experiences and nighttime activities. The blend of history and culture makes it a must-visit. Learn more about Al-Balad on Architectural Digest and Atlas Obscura.
3. Jeddah Tower
Jeddah Tower, located in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, is set to be the world’s tallest skyscraper.
Upon completion, it will reach a height of 1 kilometer, or 3,281 feet.
This impressive structure will be the centerpiece of the $20 billion Kingdom City development near the Red Sea.
The tower will feature a luxury hotel, serviced apartments, condominiums, and office space.
Designed by Adrian Smith and Gordon Gill, the tower’s unique structure aims to reduce wind resistance.
This innovative design is crucial for a building of its height.
The Jeddah Tower is expected to cost $1.2 billion to construct.
4. Red Sea Mall
Red Sea Mall is the largest shopping center in Saudi Arabia, located in the northern suburb of Jeddah.
It opened in late 2006 and has since become a key retail destination for the city.
The mall covers an area of about 242,200 square meters.
It is situated on the western side of King Abdulaziz Road, between the King Abdulaziz International Airport and the Red Sea coast.
Its architecture features a blend of modern design and functional spaces.
The Red Sea Mall offers a wide range of international and local brands, along with various dining and entertainment options.
The location makes it easily accessible from both the central business district and the airport.
This accessibility, combined with its diverse offerings, makes it a popular spot for tourists and residents alike.
For more information, you can visit the Red Sea Mall’s official website.
5. Floating Mosque
The Floating Mosque, also known as Al Rahma Mosque, stands out against the Red Sea in Jeddah.
Built in 1985, this architectural wonder appears to float on water during high tide due to its stilts.
Situated on Corniche Road in the Al Shati district, it provides visitors with stunning views of the sea.
The mosque combines traditional and modern Islamic architectural elements, blending them into a unique design.
Nearby, visitors can relax at numerous cafes and restaurants or visit nearby attractions like the King Fahd Fountain and Jeddah Yacht Club.
This location makes it a must-see for anyone exploring Jeddah.
6. Al Rahma Mosque
Al Rahma Mosque, also known as the Floating Mosque, is an architectural marvel in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
It sits gracefully on the edge of the Red Sea, creating the illusion that it floats on water.
This distinctive mosque is located on Corniche Road in the Al Shati district, making it easily accessible to visitors.
Built in 1985, Al Rahma Mosque combines traditional Islamic architecture with modern design.
It features a striking gold-plated dome, marble floors, and intricate minarets. The stained glass windows and intricately carved pillars add to its beauty.
The mosque covers an interior area of 2,400 square meters, accommodating many worshippers.
It’s not only a place of worship but also a popular tourist attraction in Jeddah.
Visitors are captivated by its serene location and stunning architecture, making it a must-see landmark in the city.
For more details, visit the Al Rahma Floating Mosque page.
7. Naseef House
Naseef House, also known as Nassif House, is a historical building located in the Al-Balad district of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Built in the late 1800s for Omar Nasseef Efendi, it later served as a royal residence for King Abdul Aziz in 1925.
The house is known for its unique architectural elements.
One of its notable features is the ramps installed by the king, allowing camel-mounted messengers to ride up to the upper terrace.
Now a museum and cultural center, Naseef House hosts special exhibits and lectures.
The building is often referred to as “The House with the Tree” due to the large tree situated in the adjacent square.
Visitors can explore its well-preserved rooms and learn about the history and culture of Jeddah through its exhibits.
8. Biet Nassif
Biet Nassif, built in 1872, is an iconic building in Jiddah.
It showcases traditional Arabian architectural style with ornate wooden balconies and intricate latticework.
Located in Al-Balad, the old town of Jeddah, this historic house also features a stunning interior courtyard that offers visitors a glimpse into the past.
Since 2009, Biet Nassif has served as a museum and cultural center.
It hosts special exhibits and lectures by historians, making it a hub for cultural learning. For more information, visit Nasseef House.
9. Al Shafi Mosque
Al Shafi Mosque is one of Jiddah’s oldest and most significant mosques.
Built during the early Islamic period, the mosque stands in Al-Mazloum Lane in the old part of the city. The mosque is named after Imam Muhammad ibn Idris Al-Shafi’i, a prominent Islamic scholar.
The mosque underwent meticulous restoration and recently reopened to the public.
This historical building blends traditional architectural elements with innovative designs from the 17th century. The tall minaret peeking out from behind old buildings is a well-known feature of this mosque.
Visitors often admire the mosque for its historical value and its beautiful architectural details.
This mosque holds an important place in Jiddah’s religious and cultural history, drawing both locals and tourists interested in the city’s rich heritage. Visit Al Shafi Mosque for an authentic slice of Jiddah’s past.
10. Jeddah Corniche
The Jeddah Corniche is a 30-kilometer coastal resort area along the Red Sea. This picturesque location offers scenic views and a coastal road.
The Corniche includes recreational spaces and pavilions for visitors to enjoy.
It features striking civic sculptures and the notable King Fahad Fountain, the tallest of its kind in the world.
Areas of the Corniche are popular for walking, especially near the Al Rahman Mosque and the aquarium.
It also has pavilions and various sculptures, adding to its charm.
The Jeddah Waterfront has transformed into a significant tourist attraction.
It attracts both locals and tourists, offering a blend of natural beauty and modern amenities.
Historical Significance of Jiddah’s Architecture
Jiddah’s architecture reflects a deep cultural heritage and the city’s strategic importance over centuries.
This rich past is seen in its buildings, influenced by Islamic art and the city’s commercial history.
Evolution Over Centuries
Jiddah’s history dates back to the 7th century. Originally a fishing village, it became a key port for Muslim pilgrims heading to Mecca.
As trade flourished, Jiddah’s architecture saw a blend of styles.
Traditional structures made from coral stones and seashells demonstrate early building techniques. Over time, these buildings faced wear and restoration.
In modern times, oil wealth spurred development. Newer structures blend modernity with traditional designs, creating a unique skyline.
Efforts to restore and maintain historical buildings have been crucial.
Initiatives ensure that the heritage is preserved for future generations.
Influence of Islamic Art
Islamic art has heavily influenced Jiddah’s architecture.
This influence is evident in the intricate carvings, geometric patterns, and calligraphy on buildings.
Mosques, such as the Al-Shafi’i Mosque, showcase beautiful Islamic designs. These mosques serve as cultural and religious hubs, representing the city’s Islamic heritage.
Many buildings feature wooden latticed windows called “mashrabiyas” and colorful stained glass.
These elements not only add aesthetic value but also reflect Islamic architectural principles. Courtyards and fountains are commonly found, designed to provide a serene environment.
Modern Architectural Innovations
Modern architecture in Jeddah combines cutting-edge technology with sustainable practices. These innovations ensure buildings are not only visually stunning but also environmentally friendly.
Technological Advancements
Architects in Jeddah are using the latest technologies to push the boundaries of design.
One standout example is the Jeddah Tower, which will soar to over 1,000 meters, making it the tallest building in the world.
The tower’s design includes advanced engineering techniques to withstand high winds and seismic activities.
Smart building systems are also integral.
These systems manage lighting, heating, and cooling efficiently, reducing energy use.
Moreover, 3D modeling and BIM (Building Information Modeling) are employed to streamline the construction process, ensuring precision and efficiency.
Sustainable Practices
Sustainability is at the forefront of Jeddah’s architectural designs.
Many buildings incorporate eco-friendly materials and green technologies.
For instance, solar panels are frequently used to harness renewable energy, while rainwater harvesting systems minimize water waste.
Jeddah’s ultra-modern buildings also feature extensive green spaces to improve air quality and reduce the urban heat island effect.
Energy-efficient lighting and climate control systems further reduce the environmental footprint.
These practices make Jeddah a model for sustainable urban development.