20 Best Architectural Buildings in Iowa: Must-See Landmarks of Design and History

Iowa is home to a remarkable array of architectural marvels that highlight its rich history and cultural heritage.

From historic landmarks to modern masterpieces, each building tells a unique story and contributes to the state’s architectural diversity.

If you’re an architecture enthusiast or simply curious about the state’s finest structures, exploring the best architectural buildings in Iowa is a rewarding experience.

The buildings range from the Prairie School styles of Frank Lloyd Wright to unique structures like the Grotto of the Redemption.

This journey through Iowa’s architectural landscape will uncover some of the most fascinating and beautiful buildings the state has to offer.

1. Salisbury House

Salisbury House, located in Des Moines, Iowa, is a stunning example of Tudor, Gothic, and Carolean architecture.

Built by cosmetics magnate Carl Weeks and his wife Edith between 1923 and 1928, this house features 42 rooms.

Modeled after the King’s House in Salisbury, England, Salisbury House sprawls over 22,000 square feet.

Architectural elements and materials were even transported from England to enhance its authenticity.

The Weeks family lived here until 1954. Salisbury House then served as the headquarters for the Iowa State Education Association until 1998. Today, it stands as a testament to historical architecture.

2. Iowa State Capitol

The Iowa State Capitol in Des Moines stands as a prime example of Second Empire architecture.

Built between 1871 and 1886, it serves as the seat of the Iowa General Assembly.

The building houses the Iowa Senate, Iowa House of Representatives, and several key offices, including the Governor’s office.

One standout feature is its gilded dome, which rises 275 feet and can be seen for miles. For more details, visit the Wikipedia page on Iowa State Capitol.

3. American Gothic House

The American Gothic House, also known as the Dibble House, is in Eldon, Iowa.

It was designed in the Carpenter Gothic style and features a distinctive upper window.

Grant Wood used this house as the backdrop for his famous 1930 painting, American Gothic. The painting became an American icon and inspired numerous parodies.

The American Gothic House is open to the public, but interior access has limited hours. Visitors can explore the exterior from dawn to dusk.

4. Bridges of Madison County

The Bridges of Madison County are famous for their historical and architectural significance.

The Roseman Covered Bridge is notable for its connection to the best-selling novel and subsequent movie “The Bridges of Madison County.”

The Imes Covered Bridge is the oldest, built in 1870. It has been relocated multiple times.

The Cedar Bridge is the shortest, built in 1883, originally over the North River and later moved to Cedar Creek. These bridges are iconic structures in Iowa.

5. Figge Art Museum

The Figge Art Museum, located on the north bank of the Mississippi River in Davenport, Iowa, stands as an important cultural site in the region.

It boasts an encyclopedic collection and serves as the major art museum for eastern Iowa and western Illinois.

Designed by David Chipperfield Architects, the building features a monolithic glass structure that enhances Davenport’s waterfront.

Sir David Chipperfield, the architect, was awarded the 2023 Pritzker Architecture Prize.

The museum works closely with several regional universities and colleges, acting as an art resource and collections hub. This collaboration strengthens its role in the community.

6. Davenport Skybridge

The Davenport Skybridge is a striking pedestrian bridge in downtown Davenport, Iowa.

Completed in 2005, it spans 575 feet and stands 50 feet tall. This cable-stayed bridge crosses River Drive, linking LeClaire Park to a courtyard near the River Music Experience.

The bridge is known for its 8,036 LED lights, creating a vibrant light show at night.

It also offers an outstanding panoramic view of the Mississippi River and the cityscape, making it a popular attraction for both locals and tourists. For more details, visit The Davenport Skybridge.

7. Iowa State Fairgrounds

The Iowa State Fairgrounds in Des Moines is a hub of historic and remarkable architecture.

The venue hosts the annual Iowa State Fair, showcasing the state’s best in agriculture, industry, and entertainment.

One standout building is the Agriculture Building, which features Double Jeffersonian architecture.

It was introduced in time for the 1904 fair and is located at the intersection of Grand and Rock Island Avenues.

The fairgrounds also include original buildings from 1886, designed by local architect William F. Hackney, offering a glimpse into Iowa’s architectural history.

Learn more about the historic Iowa State Fairgrounds.

8. University of Iowa Main Library

The University of Iowa Main Library is a central hub for students and faculty. Located at 125 West Washington St, it offers a vast collection of books, journals, and digital resources.

The library features study spaces, computer labs, and meeting rooms to support academic needs.

It is also home to the University Archives and special collections.

Visitors find valuable resources for research and learning, with facilities designed to enhance the campus experience. For more information, visit their official page.

9. Old Capitol Museum

The Old Capitol Museum is a key landmark on the University of Iowa’s campus.

Constructed in 1840, it was initially the main government building for the state.

The building has hosted state legislatures and university events. Notable for its historical significance, it survived a major fire in 2001.

This historical site captures a significant part of Iowa’s heritage and continues to attract visitors.

10. Grotto of the Redemption

The Grotto of the Redemption is a unique religious site located in West Bend, Iowa.

Built by Father Paul Dobberstein starting in 1912, the grotto is a series of nine grottos depicting scenes from the life of Jesus.

Known for its large collection of minerals and petrifications, it covers a city block and attracts visitors worldwide. The site is sometimes referred to as the “Eighth Wonder of the World.”

Learn more about its history and significance through the years.

11. Amana Colonies

The Amana Colonies in Iowa are a group of seven villages known for their beautifully preserved 19th-century architecture.

The Ruedy House in Middle Amana offers a glimpse into residential life from the 1850s to the 1960s.

Their buildings showcase distinctive architecture that reflects the communal lifestyle of the settlers.

Visitors can also explore the West Amana Barns, which exhibit strong German and American influences, with features like stone foundations and protective forebays.

12. Effigy Mounds National Monument

Effigy Mounds National Monument, established in 1949, is located in Harpers Ferry, Iowa.

It preserves more than 200 prehistoric mounds built by the Effigy Moundbuilders between 500 BC and 1200 AD. The mounds, many shaped like animals such as bears and birds, hold cultural significance for various American Indian tribes.

Covering 2,526 acres, the park offers a picturesque landscape along the Upper Mississippi River Valley.

Visitors can explore the park’s trails to view these unique earthworks, reflecting the rich history and traditions of the indigenous peoples who created them.

Learn more at the National Park Service’s page.

13. Des Moines Art Center

The Des Moines Art Center is a remarkable museum that features three unique buildings.

Each building was designed by a different notable architect: Eliel Saarinen, I. M. Pei, and Richard Meier.

Saarinen’s building emphasizes a harmonious relationship with its surroundings. Meier and Pei added their touches, creating a blend of styles in one location.

Visitors can explore modern and contemporary art, along with captivating architecture.

Located at 4700 Grand Avenue, the Art Center is also near the Pappajohn Sculpture Park, making it a perfect destination for art enthusiasts. For more details, visit their website.

14. Herbert Hoover National Historic Site

The Herbert Hoover National Historic Site is located in West Branch, Iowa.

It commemorates the life of Herbert Hoover, the 31st president of the United States. The site includes his birthplace cottage and a blacksmith shop.

The park was established in 1965. Visitors can explore a landscape that highlights Hoover’s journey from a humble beginning to the presidency.

The surrounding areas are maintained by the National Park Service, ensuring the preservation of this historical landmark.

15. Union Pacific Railroad Museum

The Union Pacific Railroad Museum is situated in the historic Carnegie Library building in Council Bluffs, Iowa. This Beaux Arts-style building adds a classic architectural charm to the area.

Visitors can explore a comprehensive collection of artifacts, photographs, documents, and equipment that span over 150 years of western history.

The museum celebrates the rich heritage of the Union Pacific Railroad and its significant role in the development of the American West, featuring engaging exhibits and interactive displays.

Learn more about the Union Pacific Railroad Museum.

16. Snake Alley

Snake Alley, located in Burlington, Iowa, is known as the “crookedest street in the world.”

Built in 1894, it mimics vineyard trails in Europe.

This road stretches 275 feet and has a 21% grade, offering a unique driving experience. Its brick-paved curves are a popular spot for photos and tourists alike.

Every Memorial Day weekend, Snake Alley hosts the annual Snake Alley Criterium, an uphill bike race that draws many competitors.

It’s also the site of the Snake Alley Art Fair, celebrating local artists each Father’s Day weekend.

17. Riverside Theatre

Riverside Theatre has been a vital part of Iowa City’s cultural landscape for over 40 years.

It offers a mix of classic and new works, providing a rich experience for both artists and audiences.

The theatre recently moved to the historic Crescent Building in downtown Iowa City.

This new location allows for larger audiences and more flexible production spaces.

Founded in 1981, the theatre continues to be a professional hub for regional artists.

Its current venue, located at 105 College St., houses three floors for various artistic activities.

18. Living History Farms

Living History Farms in Urbandale, Iowa, is a 500-acre open-air museum. This site features various historical periods, showing how Iowans developed farming over 300 years.

Visitors can explore an Ioway Indian village from around 1700, an 1850s pioneer farm, and a 1900 farmstead.

Key spots include the 1870s Town of Walnut Hill and the 1867 Flynn House and barn.

Engaging interpreters make the history come alive for visitors, offering educational experiences about the region’s past.

Walking trails and tractor-drawn carts make it easy to navigate between different historical areas.

Discover more on their official site.

19. Meredith Willson Boyhood Home

The Meredith Willson Boyhood Home is located in Mason City, Iowa. It is a beautifully restored 1895 Queen Anne house. This house was the birthplace and childhood home of Meredith Willson, famous for his Broadway show “The Music Man.”

Visitors can explore both the house and the adjacent Music Man Square.

Admission covers both attractions, offering a deeper look into Willson’s life and works.

This historical site is a must-see for fans of classic American musicals.

20. Marie Selby Botanical Gardens

Marie Selby Botanical Gardens in Sarasota, Florida, represents architectural ingenuity and environmental sustainability. The gardens span 15 acres and feature the world’s first net positive energy botanical garden complex. This includes solar arrays that provide more energy than they consume.

Located at 900 South Palm Avenue, the gardens were established on the grounds of the former home of Marie and William Selby.

They now serve as a prominent example of blending natural beauty with innovative design. The gardens are also a Smithsonian affiliate.

Historical Significance of Architectural Buildings

Iowa’s architectural buildings reflect the cultural and historical evolution influenced by early settlers and the advent of modern architecture.

These structures tell stories of the past and highlight important milestones in architectural design.

Influence of Early Settlers

Early settlers in Iowa brought their architectural styles, which were heavily influenced by their European roots.

Victorian mansions became a common sight, showcasing intricate designs and elaborate details. These homes often featured ornate woodwork, steep roofs, and large porches.

Pioneer buildings were simpler but no less significant. They included log cabins and farmhouses, reflecting the practical needs of early Iowans.

These structures used locally sourced materials, such as wood and stone, to withstand the harsh winters and hot summers.

Some prominent examples include the Amana Colonies. These buildings, constructed by German settlers in the 19th century, are known for their simplicity and functionality.

They form a key part of Iowa’s cultural heritage and are often featured in historical architecture tours.

The Rise of Modern Architecture

Modern architecture began to take hold in Iowa during the mid-20th century.

This style is characterized by clean lines, minimal ornamentation, and the use of new materials like steel and glass.

Notable structures include the State Historical Building which features tiered levels and terraces designed by Brown & Healy.

Opened in 1987, it blends functionality with artistic elements like the Plains Aurora sculpture.

Another example is the Meredith Corporation headquarters in Des Moines. This building features a sleek design that embodies modern principles of openness and light.

Modern architecture in Iowa reflects a shift towards innovation and practicality, aiming to create spaces that are both beautiful and functional.

As a result, these buildings play a significant role in shaping Iowa’s architectural landscape today.

Architectural Styles in Iowa

Iowa boasts a diverse range of architectural styles, reflecting its rich history and cultural evolution. Prominent styles include Art Deco, Victorian, and Modernist.

Art Deco

Art Deco buildings in Iowa are known for their distinctive geometric shapes, bold colors, and intricate details.

One notable example is the Historic Park Inn Hotel in Mason City, designed by Frank Lloyd Wright.

Art Deco often features elements like zigzags, chevrons, and stylized floral motifs. The style emerged in the early 20th century and remains a symbol of modernity and elegance.

Many public buildings and theaters from this era exhibit the influence of this sleek, decorative style.

Victorian

Victorian architecture is characterized by its ornate detailing, steep gable roofs, and vibrant colors. This style became popular in Iowa during the late 19th century.

The intricate woodwork and expansive porches seen in Victorian homes add a unique charm to neighborhoods.

Prominent examples include the grand mansions in towns like Dubuque and Cedar Rapids. These buildings often feature elements like bay windows, turrets, and decorative trim, reflecting the tastes of a bygone era.

The craftsmanship and attention to detail make Victorian architecture a significant part of Iowa’s architectural heritage.

Modernist

Modernist architecture in Iowa is notable for its clean lines, open spaces, and use of new materials.

The Figge Art Museum in Davenport designed by David Chipperfield, is a prime example of this style.

Modernist buildings often prioritize function over form, resulting in minimalist designs that eschew ornate details.

Large glass windows and flat rooftops are common features.

This style emerged in the mid-20th century and emphasizes simplicity, functionality, and a connection to the surrounding environment.

Modernist architecture in Iowa often creates a stark contrast to the more decorative styles of earlier periods.

Influential Architects and Their Works

Iowa showcases magnificent architectural works by renowned architects like Louis Sullivan and Frank Lloyd Wright. Their contributions have significantly shaped the architectural landscape of the state.

Louis Sullivan’s Contribution

Louis Sullivan, known as the “father of skyscrapers,” has left an indelible mark on Iowa’s architecture.

His famous work, the Van Allen Building, is located in Clinton.

This building, completed in 1914, exemplifies his philosophy that “form follows function.”

Sullivan’s Van Allen Building displays terra cotta ornamentation and a Chicago-style architectural influence.

It features large plate glass windows, which provide ample natural light and enhance the building’s commercial functionality.

Louis Sullivan’s dedication to developing a distinctly American architectural style is evident in Iowa’s rich architectural history.

His designs often emphasize organic forms and intricate details, reflecting his innovative approach to urban design.

Frank Lloyd Wright’s Designs

Frank Lloyd Wright, one of America’s most celebrated architects, has several notable works in Iowa.

Among them is the Historic Park Inn Hotel in Mason City, which is the last remaining hotel designed by Wright.

Completed in 1910, it represents the Prairie School architecture that Wright pioneered.

The hotel features horizontal lines, flat roofs, and extensive use of natural materials, creating a harmony with the landscape.

Wright’s influence also extends to private residences, like the Alvin Miller House in Charles City, showcasing his unique style of integrating buildings with their natural surroundings.

Frank Lloyd Wright’s designs in Iowa highlight his commitment to functional, yet aesthetically pleasing structures that blend seamlessly with their environment.

His innovative concepts continue to inspire architects and draw visitors to Iowa, making these buildings essential stops for architecture enthusiasts.