Art Deco architecture, a style that originated in the 1920s and ’30s, continues to captivate architecture enthusiasts with its bold geometric shapes, rich materials, and intricate craftsmanship.
Spanning from the iconic cityscapes of New York to hidden gems in Mumbai, this unique architectural style reflects a period of modernization and artistic innovation.
This article will explore the 20 best examples of Art Deco architecture from around the globe, showcasing the timeless beauty and enduring influence of this architectural movement.
Art Deco buildings are not only distinguished by their aesthetic appeal but also by their cultural significance.
As you journey through these architectural masterpieces, you’ll gain insight into the historical context and artistic vision that shaped these structures.
Whether you’re an architecture aficionado or a curious reader, this collection of Art Deco marvels promises to enlighten and inspire.
For a look at a broader range of historical architecture, visit this guide to the best historical buildings.
1. Chrysler Building, New York
The Chrysler Building in New York is a standout example of Art Deco architecture.
Completed in 1930, it was designed by architect William Van Alen for the Chrysler Corporation.
Standing at 1,046 feet, this skyscraper held the title of the world’s tallest building for a brief period. Its striking terraced crown remains one of the most recognizable features.
The design includes unique elements like eagles and automobile-inspired details.
Located on Manhattan’s East Side, the building’s aesthetic has gained universal acclaim for its intricate craftsmanship and stylized ornamentation.
More information about the building can be found here.
2. Palais de Chaillot, Paris
Palais de Chaillot is a renowned example of Art Deco architecture located in Paris.
Built in the 1930s, it replaced a Moorish-style building constructed for the 1878 World’s Fair. The new design was created by architects Louis-Hippolyte Boileau, Jacques Carlu, and Léon Azéma.
The structure features two sweeping wings and tall central towers.
Facing the Eiffel Tower, its location offers stunning views. The Palais houses the Cité de l’Architecture, a significant cultural center for architectural history and exhibitions.
The building’s grand design includes ornate details and symmetrical forms, hallmarks of the Art Deco movement.
Art Deco elements can be seen throughout, including the use of materials like marble and gold leaf.
It’s a must-see for anyone interested in architecture. Visit Palais de Chaillot for more information.
3. Luhrs Tower, Phoenix
Luhrs Tower in Phoenix stands as a prime example of Art Deco architecture.
Designed by Trost & Trost from El Paso, Texas, the tower showcases ornate detailing and a sleek vertical emphasis common in Art Deco designs.
Completed in 1929, the 185-foot-tall building was once among the tallest in the Southwest. The structure features steel-frame and concrete construction, giving it a solid yet elegant appearance.
The tower also has historical significance. It appeared in Alfred Hitchcock’s 1960 movie, Psycho.
Located at the corner of First Avenue and Jefferson Street, it was originally the home of the Arizona Club’s penthouse until 1971. Today, Luhrs Tower remains an iconic part of Phoenix’s architectural heritage.
4. Niagara Mohawk Building, Syracuse
The Niagara Mohawk Building in Syracuse, New York, is an iconic example of Art Deco architecture.
Completed in 1932, it was originally the headquarters for the Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation, the largest electric utility in the United States at the time.
The building’s exterior features striking geometric patterns and sleek lines, characteristic of the Art Deco style. Its facade is adorned with chrome and black glass, which creates a dynamic visual effect.
Inside, the building showcases elegant details such as bronze light fixtures and polished terrazzo floors.
These elements highlight the craftsmanship that went into its construction. The lobby also contains murals that reflect the spirit of the Age of Electricity.
For those interested in exploring Art Deco architecture, the Niagara Mohawk Building is a must-see. It stands as a testament to the grandeur and innovation of the early 20th century.
5. Eastern Columbia Building, Los Angeles
The Eastern Columbia Building stands as a prime example of Art Deco architecture in Los Angeles.
Designed by Claud Beelman, it features a striking turquoise facade and gold trim that immediately catch the eye.
Completed in just nine months, the building opened its doors on September 12, 1930. It has 13 stories and originally served as a retail and office tower. Today, it houses upscale lofts and ground-floor retail spaces.
Located in the Broadway Theater District, the building’s zigzag moderne style stands out.
This includes bold geometric patterns and lavish architectural details. The Eastern Columbia Building is often highlighted for its grand clock tower.
For those interested in exploring Art Deco in Los Angeles, this building is a must-see. It showcases both the grandeur and the attention to detail that define the style. Learn more at the Eastern Columbia Building.
6. Pantages Theatre, Hollywood
The Pantages Theatre, opened in 1930, is one of the best examples of Art Deco architecture in Hollywood.
Located at 6233 Hollywood Boulevard, it was designed by architect B. Marcus Priteca.
This theater originally served dual purposes. It was both a movie palace and a venue for live vaudeville performances. The exterior boasts a massive blade-style neon sign that easily catches the eye.
Inside, the Pantages Theatre is lavishly decorated.
Its interior features intricate ornamentation, with chevrons and zigzags that epitomize the Art Deco style. Each element of the design was meticulously planned to create a cohesive aesthetic.
In 1994, the Northridge Earthquake caused significant damage to the theater. Extensive renovations were completed to restore it to its former glory.
Today, the Pantages Theatre is still operational and a popular destination for theatergoers. Visitors can enjoy both its architectural beauty and its rich history.
For additional details about the Pantages Theatre, visit Historic Theatre Photography and EverGreene.
7. Sterick Building, Memphis
The Sterick Building, located in Memphis, is an iconic example of Gothic-style Art Deco architecture.
Designed by Wyatt C. Hedrick & Co. and completed in 1930, it stands out with its elaborate facade and intricate detailing. At 365 feet tall, it was the tallest building in the Southern United States when it opened.
Its towering presence features sharp lines, pointed arches, and decorative spires. These elements exemplify the Gothic influence, setting it apart from other Art Deco structures. The building includes 29 floors, once accommodating offices for up to 2,000 workers.
One unique feature is its eight high-speed elevators, which were among the fastest in Memphis at the time.
Despite being sealed off for over 30 years, the Sterick Building remains a cherished landmark in the city’s skyline. For more historical details, visit The Story of the Sterick Building.
8. Bullocks Wilshire Building, Los Angeles
The Bullocks Wilshire Building in Los Angeles is a prime example of Art Deco architecture.
Completed in 1929, it was originally a luxury department store. Today, the building is a key part of Los Angeles’ architectural legacy.
Designed by John and Donald Parkinson, the building is known for its iconic copper-clad tower. This feature has made it a celebrated landmark on Wilshire Boulevard.
The structure spans 230,000 square feet and boasts detailed Art Deco craftsmanship, making it both a historical and a visual gem.
Now home to the Southwestern Law School, it continues to be an important part of the city’s architecture scene. For more details, visit the Getty Research Institute.
9. Delano South Beach, Miami
Delano South Beach stands as an iconic representation of Miami’s Art Deco architecture.
This beachfront hotel showcases sleek lines, geometric patterns, and bright white facades that are hallmarks of the Art Deco style.
Designed by architect Robert Swartburg, Delano opened in 1947. It quickly became known for its luxurious design and prime location along the Miami Beach shoreline.
The lobby of Delano South Beach features high ceilings, beautiful chandeliers, and intricate design details.
The combination of historical elegance and modern amenities makes Delano South Beach a must-visit for fans of Art Deco.
Discover more about this architectural gem here.
10. Carew Tower, Cincinnati
Carew Tower in Cincinnati is an iconic example of Art Deco architecture.
Completed in 1930, it was Cincinnati’s tallest building until 2011, standing 574 feet tall with 49 stories.
The tower was designed by Walter W. Ahlschlager, a Chicago architect, and commissioned by John Emery, a Cincinnati urban reformer.
One of Carew Tower’s most striking features is its lavish interior, which includes ornate metal-work, murals, inlaid Rookwood Pottery tiles, and polished wood and marble finishes. The design elements highlight the intricacies typical of the Art Deco movement.
The architectural firm Shreve, Lamb & Harmon, known for the Empire State Building, also contributed to its design Carew Tower: Cincinnati’s Architectural Gem and Art Deco in Cincinnati: Union Terminal and Carew Tower.
11. General Electric Building, New York
The General Electric Building is an iconic Art Deco skyscraper located at 570 Lexington Avenue in Midtown Manhattan.
Designed by the architectural firm Cross & Cross, it was completed in 1931.
Standing 196 meters (643 feet) tall, this building features intricate Art Deco detailing, including a striking crown that resembles a stylized burst of electricity. Its facade showcases rich materials such as brick and terracotta.
Originally known as the RCA Victor Building, the General Electric Building displays the grandeur of early 20th-century skyscraper design.
The building’s stepped-back facade is typical of the Art Deco style, creating a tiered appearance that emphasizes verticality.
Notably, the building still functions as an office space, preserving its architectural integrity while serving modern needs. This makes it both a functional space and a historical landmark in New York City’s skyline.
12. Rockefeller Center, New York
Rockefeller Center in New York stands as a remarkable example of Art Deco design.
This complex, conceived by John D. Rockefeller Jr., includes 14 original buildings constructed in the 1930s. Raymond Hood served as the head architect, bringing a vision of modernity to New York City.
The center is often described as a city within a city.
It features iconic architecture such as the RCA Building, now known as 30 Rockefeller Plaza.
The building’s facade showcases intricate Art Deco detailing including geometric patterns and elegant lines, creating a sense of movement and speed.
Rockefeller Center also houses the famous ice rink and the annual Christmas tree, both landmarks in their own right.
While the ice rink adds a touch of whimsy to the complex, the towering Christmas tree symbolizes the center’s blended industrial and festive spirit. These features make Rockefeller Center an unforgettable part of New York’s architectural landscape.
For more information, explore Rockefeller Center’s Art Deco marvel.
13. Hoover Building, London
The Hoover Building in London is a stunning example of Art Deco architecture.
Built in 1932, it showcases the design talents of Wallis, Gilbert and Partners.
The building’s white façade is striking and features distinct Art Deco elements such as sleek lines, geometric patterns, and decorative reliefs.
This iconic structure was originally used for industrial purposes and now stands as a testament to the architectural style of the early 20th century.
The Hoover Building’s exterior draws the eye with its combination of modern and traditional design elements.
The architects skillfully merged functionality with beauty, resulting in a building that is both practical and aesthetically pleasing.
It remains a key landmark in London and is well worth a visit for anyone interested in architectural history.
14. Guardian Building, Detroit
The Guardian Building stands as a stunning example of Art Deco architecture in Detroit.
Located at 500 Griswold Street, this skyscraper was designed by Wirt C. Rowland. It opened in 1929 and has since been praised for its intricate design.
The building’s interior is particularly striking.
It features bold geometric patterns and mosaics in vibrant colors like blue, green, and red. Many of these tiles were created by Pewabic, a local pottery company.
Visitors can explore the Guardian Building’s lobby, which showcases its unique Art Deco elements.
It’s also possible to join free history tours offered by Pure Detroit on weekends, without needing to RSVP.
The design includes not only the colorful tiles but also detailed elevator banks and soaring vault ceilings, making it a must-see for architecture enthusiasts.
15. Battersea Power Station, London
Battersea Power Station in London is a striking example of Art Deco architecture.
Originally built in the 1930s, the power station stands out with its steel framework and monumental brickwork.
The twin chimneys are iconic, giving the building a distinct silhouette against the London skyline.
Inside, the turbine halls and control rooms showcase classic Art Deco elements like streamlined shapes and decorative motifs.
The power station has undergone significant restoration in recent years.
This includes the renovation of the Art Deco control room, which features intricate design details.
Today, the site includes residential buildings and commercial spaces, blending historic architecture with modern amenities.
The mix of old and new elements makes it a must-see for architecture enthusiasts.
For more on the power station’s history and renovations, visit Architectural Record and BBC.
16. PacBell Building, San Francisco
The PacBell Building, also known as 140 New Montgomery, is an iconic structure in San Francisco.
Built in 1925, it stands as a remarkable example of Art Deco architecture in the city.
Designed by architect Timothy Pflueger, this building combines Gothic and Art Deco elements in a unique and striking way.
The facade features detailed ornamentation and geometric patterns typical of the Art Deco style.
Today, the PacBell Building serves as a hub for some of the Bay Area’s most forward-thinking companies.
Standing 26 stories tall, it remains one of San Francisco’s most prominent landmarks.
For more information, you can check out this guide on San Francisco architecture or visit the direct page at Architectural Record.
17. Pere Lachaise Cemetery, Paris
Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris is not just a burial ground; it is also renowned for its stunning Art Deco architecture.
Among its most famous monuments is the tomb of Oscar Wilde, which features an impressive Art Deco design by Jacob Epstein.
The cemetery opened in 1804 and has become one of the most visited necropolises in the world, attracting around 3.5 million visitors each year.
It spans 106 acres and houses about 70,000 burial plots, making it the largest cemetery in Paris.
Walking through the cemetery, visitors can admire a range of ornate sepulchres, family mausoleums, and funerary art.
The combination of celebrity graves and lush landscaping contributes to its unique atmosphere, blending history and artistry.
18. Beacon Theater, New York
The Beacon Theater, located on the Upper West Side of Manhattan, is a fine example of Art Deco architecture.
Opened in 1929, this historic theater has been a cultural hub for decades.
The theater was designed by Walter W. Ahlschlager, a well-known architect of the time. It features intricate murals, polished wood, and dramatic lighting that capture the essence of the Art Deco style.
The exterior of the building showcases bold geometric shapes and lavish ornamentation, which are hallmarks of Art Deco design.
Inside, the ornate ceilings and elegant fixtures make for a visually stunning experience.
Today, the Beacon Theater continues to host concerts and events. It remains an important cultural landmark in New York City, appealing to both architecture enthusiasts and the general public. For more details, visit this description of the Beacon Theater.
19. Buffalo Central Terminal, Buffalo
Buffalo Central Terminal, located in Buffalo, New York, is a stunning example of Art Deco architecture.
Designed by architects Fellheimer & Wagner, the station opened in 1929. Its 17-story tower reflects the grandeur of American railroading during its peak.
The terminal’s massive concourse measures 225 feet long and 66 feet wide, with a ceiling height of 58.5 feet. This grand space once served as the gateway for travelers through Buffalo.
Though closed since 1979, the terminal remains an architectural gem.
Ongoing efforts aim to revive this historic site, preserving its Art Deco beauty for future generations to appreciate.
For more information, visit the detailed history of the Buffalo Central Terminal.
20. Daily Express Building, Manchester
The Daily Express Building in Manchester is an iconic example of Art Deco architecture.
Completed in 1939, it was designed by the renowned engineer Sir Owen Williams. The building features sleek, curved corners and a distinctive glass curtain wall made from opaque and pigmented structural glass.
This structure is located on Great Ancoats Street in the Northern Quarter.
Its design includes chrome horizontal lines and vitrolite glass, elements that were considered futuristic at the time. The building’s exterior has a timeless quality, often described as “space-age.”
The Daily Express Building is a Grade II* listed building, recognized for its architectural significance.
The design closely resembles its sister buildings in London and Glasgow, all of which were constructed for the Daily Express newspaper company. Each building shares similar Art Deco elements, making them easily recognizable and historically important.
More details can be found here.
Characteristics of Art Deco Architecture
Art Deco architecture is known for its distinct style that combines modernity with elegance.
Geometric Patterns
Geometric patterns are a hallmark of Art Deco architecture. These structures often feature strong, clean lines and bold shapes.
Common shapes include zigzags, chevrons, and triangles.
Symmetry and repetition are frequently used to create balanced and organized designs.
Buildings might have stepped forms or layered facades, adding to their striking appearance. This emphasis on geometry gives Art Deco buildings a unique, modern look that stands out in urban landscapes.
Many Art Deco buildings incorporate geometric motifs on both their exteriors and interiors.
For example, the Chrysler Building in New York features triangular patterns and radiating sunbursts, while the facade of the Chicago Board of Trade Building includes stylized floral designs.
Materials and Colors
Materials and colors play a significant role in Art Deco architecture.
Buildings often use high-quality, luxurious materials such as marble, stainless steel, and glass. These materials not only add to the visual appeal but also signify prosperity and modernity.
Marble is frequently used for flooring and walls, while stainless steel and chrome are common in decorative trim and fixtures.
Glass is often used in windows and doors to allow natural light to highlight the interior design elements.
Bold and contrasting colors are typical in Art Deco designs.
Blacks, whites, golds, and silvers are prevalent, often accented with bright or pastel hues. This vibrant color palette helps to highlight the geometric patterns and decorative details of the buildings.
Decorative Elements
Decorative elements are integral to the Art Deco style.
These buildings often feature intricate, stylized motifs that draw inspiration from various sources such as ancient Egypt, Native American art, and modern industrial design.
Common decorative features include floral patterns, sunbursts, zigzags, and stylized human figures.
These elements can be found in everything from facades and entrance doors to interior ceilings and floors.
Relief sculptures and metalwork are also popular, with many buildings incorporating ornate grills, banisters, and light fixtures.
For instance, the Union Terminal in Cincinnati showcases beautiful metalwork and detailed relief sculptures, making it a prime example of Art Deco’s decorative richness.
Historical Context of Art Deco Architecture
Art Deco architecture emerged in the 1920s, reflecting the era’s emphasis on modernity and opulence. Its influence grew globally, impacting architectural styles worldwide and leaving a lasting legacy on contemporary designs.
Origins in the 1920s
Art Deco originated in the early 1920s, primarily in France.
This style was showcased at the 1925 Exposition Internationale des Arts Décoratifs et Industriels Modernes in Paris. Architects sought to embrace modernity while incorporating luxurious materials and geometric patterns.
The inspiration for Art Deco came from several sources, including Cubism and Futurism.
These movements emphasized bold lines, symmetry, and dynamic forms. The goal was to combine ornamentation with industrial efficiency, often using materials like chrome, glass, and marble.
This architectural approach was a response to the social and economic changes of the time.
The Roaring Twenties brought prosperity and technological advancements. Art Deco buildings symbolized wealth, progress, and a break from traditional architectural styles.
Global Spread
By the late 1920s and into the early 1930s, Art Deco began to spread beyond Europe.
This style found its way to North and South America, Asia, and Africa. Major cities around the world adopted Art Deco for their skyscrapers, theaters, and civic buildings.
In New York City, iconic structures like the Chrysler Building and Empire State Building became symbols of Art Deco’s influence.
In Los Angeles, the style was embodied in buildings like the Bullocks Wilshire. In Miami, the South Beach area showcases a vast collection of Art Deco hotels and residences, making it a prime destination for enthusiasts.
Art Deco’s global spread was fueled by designers who traveled and shared ideas.
The style was adaptable, embracing local materials and cultural influences. This adaptability ensured its worldwide appeal and distinct regional variations.
Influence on Modern Architecture
The lasting impact of Art Deco is evident in many modern architectural designs.
Elements like geometric shapes, decorative motifs, and sleek lines continue to inspire contemporary buildings.
Modern architects often draw on Art Deco’s principles to create structures that merge functionality with aesthetic appeal.
The emphasis on materials like glass and steel, combined with decorative features, reflects Art Deco’s enduring legacy.
Many cities have preserved their Art Deco heritage through restoration projects and landmark status designations.
This revival highlights the continued relevance and admiration for this architectural style, celebrating its historic and cultural significance.
Art Deco remains a vital touchstone in the world of architecture, influencing designs both past and present.