Colorado boasts a rich tapestry of architectural marvels, reflecting both its history and modern innovations.
From historic hotels to contemporary museums, the diverse styles of buildings across the state showcase the creative prowess of various architects.
Which structures stand out and why should you visit them?
The aim of this article is to guide you through the 20 best architectural buildings in Colorado, featuring landmarks that have become cultural and artistic icons.
Immerse yourself in the unique designs and stories behind these must-see constructions.
1. Union Station, Denver
Union Station in Denver is a historic landmark.
Built in 1881, this iconic building features Beaux-Arts architecture.
The station was designed by D.H. Burnham & Co., showcasing terrazzo floors and a Columbine motif on the interior borders.
Located on the edge of Denver’s Central Business District, Union Station now serves as a major transportation hub.
2. Broadmoor Hotel, Colorado Springs
The Broadmoor Hotel in Colorado Springs stands as a grand example of early 20th-century luxury and architecture.
Established in 1918 by Spencer Penrose, this resort blends with the natural landscape around it, including the iconic Pikes Peak.
Its design includes pinkish stucco and red tile roofs, characteristic of the original structure.
The Broadmoor has welcomed heads of state, celebrities, and sports stars, making it a historical landmark in its own right.
The Broadmoor features stunning additions like the Broadmoor West and the International Center, enhancing its charm and elegance.
3. Cathedral Basilica of the Immaculate Conception, Denver
The Cathedral Basilica of the Immaculate Conception in Denver is a prime example of Gothic Revival architecture.
Completed in 1912, it features twin spires rising 210 feet.
Located at the corner of Logan Street and Colfax Avenue, the cathedral serves as the main church for the Archdiocese of Denver.
Its interior is notable for a vaulted ceiling and beautiful stained glass windows, which add to its majestic appearance.
This iconic structure is an important part of Denver’s architectural heritage and attracts many visitors each year.
4. Colorado State Capitol, Denver
The Colorado State Capitol in Denver is known for its iconic golden dome.
Completed in 1901, it houses the Senate, House, Governor, and other important offices.
Visitors can take free tours Monday through Friday to admire its stunning architecture, including stained glass and brass chandeliers.
The building’s recent safety upgrades have blended seamlessly with its historical design.
5. Brown Palace Hotel, Denver
The Brown Palace Hotel, located in downtown Denver, first opened its doors on August 12, 1892.
Designed by Frank E. Edbrooke, the hotel features a unique three-sided, nine-story structure with a skylighted atrium.
This iconic hotel is listed on the National Register of Historic Places and is known for its classic architecture and long-standing tradition of excellence.
Managed now by HEI Hotels and Resorts, it is part of Marriott’s Autograph Collection.
6. Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, Gothic
The Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, located in the ghost town of Gothic, Colorado, has a rich history dating back to 1928.
This laboratory occupies buildings from the late 1800s, offering a unique blend of historical architecture and scientific research.
Research at the lab includes climate change studies and pollination biology.
Visitors notice the silence of Gothic, a stark contrast to modern urban noise.
John C. Johnson, a professor at Western State College, played a crucial role in establishing the laboratory.
Learn more about the lab’s rich history here.
7. Clock Tower, Denver
The Clock Tower, also known as the D&F Clock Tower, is located on Denver’s 16th Street Mall.
Designed by architect F.G. Sterner, it was completed in 1911.
At 393 feet tall, it was the tallest building west of the Mississippi River when it was built.
The Clock Tower features an Italian Renaissance architectural style, using brick, stone, and terracotta.
The tower was part of the Daniels & Fisher Department Store, a major landmark in Denver’s history.
Today, visitors can access the tower for panoramic views of the city, making it a must-see attraction for architecture lovers.
8. Bishop Machebeuf House, Denver
Bishop Machebeuf House is an important historical building in Denver.
This house is named after Joseph Projectus Machebeuf, the first Bishop of Denver.
It reflects a mix of architectural styles from the 19th century.
The building now serves as a significant landmark in the city, showcasing Denver’s rich cultural and religious heritage.
9. Amache Internment Camp, Granada
Amache Internment Camp, also known as the Granada Relocation Center, is located in Granada, Colorado.
Established during World War II, it was one of ten camps created to incarcerate Japanese Americans.
Over 10,000 people lived here between 1942 and 1945.
The camp included housing units, a school, a hospital, warehouses, and guard towers.
It’s a place of reflection and historical significance. Learn more about it on the Amache National Historic Site page.
10. Callahan House, Longmont
The Callahan House in Longmont, Colorado, is a fine example of Queen Anne-style architecture.
It was built in 1892 by James Wiggins for J.K. Sweeny and later purchased by Thomas M. Callahan.
This well-preserved structure features red brick detailing with Lyons sandstone corners and sills.
It has steep-pitched gable bays and porches, giving it a vibrant and animated look.
The Callahan House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.
Today, it remains a testament to the architectural elegance of the late 19th century.
11. Colorado Chautauqua Auditorium, Boulder
The Colorado Chautauqua Auditorium in Boulder is a historic wooden building constructed in 1898.
It features lofty, open architecture and is known for its incredible acoustics.
This venue hosts concerts, speakers, and panels, especially during the chillier months.
It has been on the National Register of Historic Places since 1974.
Find more information about this remarkable auditorium here.
12. Fort Lewis College, Durango
Fort Lewis College in Durango boasts distinctive architecture inspired by Native Puebloan styles.
The buildings feature locally quarried sandstone, blending seamlessly with the natural surroundings.
Set atop a mesa, the 247-acre campus offers stunning views of the Animas River Valley and the La Plata Mountains.
The design of the campus reflects the college’s history and commitment to education.
13. Gothic Theater, Englewood
The Gothic Theater in Englewood, Colorado, has a rich history that dates back to the 1920s.
Originally a movie theater, it has since been revitalized as a music venue.
Renovated in 1998, the theater attracts around 104,000 visitors annually.
Its convenient location is accessible by light rail and several bus routes, making it easy to reach for an evening of entertainment.
14. Hotel Jerome, Aspen
Hotel Jerome, located on East Main Street in Aspen, is an iconic building constructed in 1889.
This historic hotel is renowned for its distinctive brick façade and luxurious design.
A landmark in the city, it has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1986.
The hotel was built by Jerome B. Wheeler, co-owner of Macy’s.
Designed to mimic grand European hotels, it features local brick, sandstone, and decorative tiles.
Recently, the hotel has undergone renovations to restore and preserve its historical charm.
Additions to Hotel Jerome include a 67-room expansion and a 3,500 square foot ballroom.
Today, it continues to be a prime destination for visitors who appreciate its blend of history and luxury.
Learn more about Hotel Jerome by visiting its profile on Rowland Broughton.
15. Union Depot, Pueblo
Union Depot in Pueblo, Colorado, is a historic train station.
Built between 1889 and 1890, it features Richardsonian Romanesque architecture.
This station, designed by Frank V. Newall, served as a key hub for passengers.
Located in the Union Avenue Historic Commercial District, Union Depot remains a significant landmark today.
Learn more about the Union Avenue Historic Commercial District.
16. Molly Brown House Museum, Denver
The Molly Brown House Museum, located in Denver, Colorado, was once home to Margaret “Molly” Brown, a famous philanthropist and Titanic survivor.
This Victorian house, also called the House of Lions, showcases her legacy as a socialite and activist.
Restored to its original splendor, the museum displays antique-filled rooms and period architecture.
Visitors can explore the museum on guided tours or independently.
Historic Denver, Inc. saved the house from demolition in 1970, preserving its historical significance.
17. Masonic Temple, Denver
The Masonic Temple in Denver is a prime example of Richardsonian Romanesque architecture.
Built in 1889 and designed by Frank E. Edbrooke, this building stands out with its rock-faced Manitou sandstone, giving it a distinctive red-orange color.
Located at 1614 Welton Street, the temple has been a central part of Denver’s architectural history.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.
For those interested in historic buildings, the Masonic Temple is a must-see.
It showcases fine architectural details and has served as a hub for Masonic activities for many years. More details can be found on Wikipedia.
18. Cheesman Park Pavilion, Denver
Cheesman Park Pavilion stands as a notable example of historical architecture in Denver.
Built in 1910, the Pavilion is part of the larger Cheesman Park, which was designed by Denver’s first landscape architect, Reinhard Schuetze.
One interesting fact about the park is its past as a city cemetery, adding layers to its historical significance.
Located at 1900 E 11th Ave, the Pavilion offers sweeping views of the city and mountains, making it a popular spot for both locals and tourists.
19. Bear Creek Canyon Stone Bridge, Colorado Springs
Bear Creek Canyon Stone Bridge is a charming structure located in Colorado Springs.
It is well-known for its rustic stone construction, blending seamlessly with the surrounding natural beauty.
The bridge offers stunning views of Bear Creek and is a popular spot for photography.
Visitors often appreciate the bridge’s historical significance and timeless design.
Walking across the stone bridge provides a unique experience, highlighting Colorado’s rich architectural heritage.
20. Denver Public Library, Denver
The Denver Public Library stands out as a significant piece of architecture in Denver.
Designed by Michael Graves in 1990, this building features a post-modern style.
The library combines classic forms, natural materials, and vibrant colors, creating a unique and inviting space.
This addition enhanced the original 1956 design by Burnham Hoyt, maintaining its identity while enriching the overall structure.
Architectural Styles in Colorado
Colorado is home to diverse architectural styles, ranging from modern designs to historical Victorian buildings.
This mix offers something interesting for every architecture enthusiast.
Modern Architecture
Modern architecture in Colorado often features clean lines, large windows, and open floor plans.
Key examples include buildings designed by HMH Architecture + Interiors, which focus on functionality and sustainability.
Many modern structures use materials like steel, glass, and concrete, creating sleek and minimalist aesthetics.
The Denver skyline showcases several notable modern buildings, contributing to its innovative urban landscape.
This style often aims to be environmentally responsible, integrating technology and new materials to minimize environmental impact.
Victorian Architecture
Victorian architecture in Colorado is most visible in historic districts and older neighborhoods. Look for ornate details, decorative trim, and asymmetrical facades.
These buildings often include features like turrets, gables, and wrap-around porches.
Structures from the late 19th century, such as those from the Gold Rush era, often follow Victorian design principles.
The Denver Botanic Gardens also houses some Victorian-style buildings, adding a historical charm to the area.
These structures often serve as a reminder of Colorado’s rich history and its rapid growth during the industrial age.
Mid-Century Modern
Mid-century modern architecture is characterized by simplicity and integration with nature. In Colorado, this style gained popularity after World War II.
Homes and buildings from this era often feature large glass windows, flat planes, and open spaces.
The goal is to bring the outdoors in and make efficient use of interior spaces.
Key elements include post-and-beam construction and simple lines without excessive ornamentation.
This style focuses on function and form, making it timeless and elegant for today’s homeowners.
Influence of Natural Landscapes on Architecture
Colorado’s natural landscapes play a crucial role in shaping the state’s architectural forms.
Integration with Mountain Terrain
Colorado architects excel at designing buildings that fit into the rugged mountain terrain. Homes and structures are often built into hillsides to minimize impact on the natural landscape.
This approach not only preserves the surrounding environment but also provides stunning views for residents.
Terraced designs allow for multiple levels, taking advantage of the slope to create interesting and functional spaces.
The Rocky Mountains inspire buildings with large windows and open designs to highlight panoramic views.
Balconies, decks, and patios are common, allowing outdoor access and blending interior and exterior spaces.
Structures must be resilient to weather conditions, often incorporating steep roofs to handle heavy snowfalls.
These integrated designs ensure that buildings harmonize with their mountainous surroundings.
Use of Local Materials
Utilizing local materials is another significant aspect of Colorado architecture.
Builders favor stone, wood, and other natural elements sourced from nearby areas.
This practice reduces transportation costs and environmental impact, making construction more sustainable.
Stone from local quarries is frequently used for foundations, walls, and fireplaces. It gives buildings a rustic yet refined appearance.
Timber from nearby forests is another favorite. It is used for framing, siding, and intricate woodwork, contributing to the cozy, mountain lodge feel.
Reclaimed materials are also popular, adding history and character to new constructions.
Using local materials not only supports the regional economy but also ensures that new buildings blend seamlessly with the Colorado landscape.
This practice results in structures that are both beautiful and environmentally responsible.
Prominent Architectural Firms in Colorado
Colorado is home to many exceptional architectural firms known for their unique styles and innovative approaches.
Renowned Local Firms
Several architectural firms in Colorado have made significant marks locally and internationally.
One notable example is Charles Cunniffe Architects, an Aspen-based firm with over 43 years of experience in various countries.
This firm is celebrated for creating high-end residences and commercial structures using a client-focused approach that ensures personalized design solutions.
Another prominent name is HMH Architecture + Interiors.
Led by Harvey Hine, Cherie Goff, and Leah Civiok, HMH is known for producing functional and livable homes that are environmentally responsible. Based in Boulder, they have a commitment to innovative designs that stand the test of time.
Innovative Design Approaches
Innovation in architecture is key to addressing both aesthetic and environmental challenges.
Firms like Renée Del Gaudio Architecture have been recognized for their creative use of materials and space.
For example, the Mariposa Garden House by this firm received accolades for its sustainable design and innovative use of natural light.
The list of must-see buildings in Colorado includes various structures that highlight the state’s architectural diversity.
These include performance venues, hotels, and outdoor spaces that demonstrate forward-thinking design principles.
Such projects illustrate how Colorado’s architectural firms are pushing the boundaries of traditional design while maintaining functionality and sustainability.