Singapore is home to some of the most stunning architectural buildings in the world. With a blend of modern design and historical influences, the city showcases a diverse range of structures that capture the imagination.
This article will guide readers through the top 20 must-see buildings in Singapore, highlighting their unique features and significance. Whether you are an architecture enthusiast or simply planning a visit, these buildings will offer a glimpse into the architectural wonders of Singapore.
1. Marina Bay Sands
Marina Bay Sands is an architectural marvel located in Singapore. Designed by Moshe Safdie, this complex stands out with its three 55-story hotel towers.
The towers are capped by a 1.2-hectare SkyPark offering stunning 360-degree views of the city and sea.
The structure includes over 2600 luxury hotel rooms. Additionally, it features world-class convention and exhibition facilities covering 120,000 square meters.
Marina Bay Sands is also home to the iconic ArtScience Museum, two theaters, a casino, and a range of retail and dining options.
Built on 16 hectares of reclaimed land, the complex serves as a gateway to the city and provides a dynamic environment for both locals and tourists.
2. Gardens by the Bay
Gardens by the Bay is a stunning 101-hectare garden located in Singapore’s Marina Bay. This iconic destination features three waterfront gardens: Bay South, Bay East, and Bay Central.
Bay South, the largest, spans 54 hectares and is designed by Grant Associates and Wilkinson Eyre Architects. It opened to the public on June 29, 2012.
The garden’s highlights include the Supertree Grove, which features vertical gardens standing up to 50 meters tall.
These structures are not only visually striking but also environmentally sustainable, collecting rainwater and generating solar power.
Another major attraction is the Cooled Conservatories, consisting of the Flower Dome and Cloud Forest.
These conservatories house plants from different climates and are innovative in their energy-efficient cooling systems.
Gardens by the Bay has become a symbol of Singapore’s efforts to create a City in a Garden. This site is both a tourist spot and a beloved local recreational space. Visit Gardens by the Bay for more information.
3. Changi Airport Jewel
Changi Airport Jewel, designed by Moshe Safdie, opened in 2019. The building serves as a hub connecting three of Changi Airport’s four terminals.
The structure features a striking glass façade and spans 1.7 million square feet.
Inside, it combines an extensive marketplace with lush gardens, showcasing Singapore’s identity as a “City in a Garden.”
One of the highlights is the Rain Vortex, the world’s tallest indoor waterfall.
This unique feature falls from a height of 40 meters and is surrounded by terraced forest settings.
Visitors can explore numerous shops, restaurants, and entertainment facilities within the Jewel.
The combination of natural elements and modern architecture makes it a top spot for travelers and locals alike.
4. ArtScience Museum
The ArtScience Museum stands out with its unique lotus-shaped design. Designed by Moshe Safdie, this building is a highlight of the Marina Bay Sands resort.
Opened in 2011, the museum merges art, science, culture, and technology.
It spans almost 5000 square meters and contains 21 gallery spaces, making it surprisingly large.
Visitors can explore various exhibitions that change throughout the year. The themes often bridge the gap between art and science in interesting ways.
Safdie Architects designed the museum with two main parts: a base and a sculptural form that hovers over the promenade. The central atrium helps organize the space effectively.
For more details, visit the Marina Bay Sands – ArtScience Museum page.
5. Esplanade – Theatres on the Bay
Esplanade – Theatres on the Bay, often nicknamed “The Durian,” is a landmark in Singapore’s Downtown Core.
Displaying a striking exterior with two rounded glass domes, it features over 7,000 triangular aluminum sunshades.
The Esplanade consists of two main venues: a concert hall with about 1,600 seats and a larger theatre accommodating around 2,000 people for various performing arts.
Its design was completed by the renowned DP Architects in 2002, showcasing a blend of modern and functional architecture.
Situated near the mouth of the Singapore River, the Esplanade plays a significant role in the city-state’s cultural scene.
It hosts world-class performances, from local productions to international acts, and includes an outdoor theatre and shopping center.
This venue is a testament to Singapore’s dedication to artistic expression and urban development.
6. The Pinnacle@Duxton
The Pinnacle@Duxton is a notable high-rise residential development in Singapore’s city center. Designed by ARC Studio Architecture + Urbanism, it consists of seven interconnected towers, each 50 storeys tall.
This impressive project covers a site area of 25,172.100 sqm and includes a total of 1,848 apartment units located in Singapore.
One distinctive feature of the Pinnacle@Duxton is its sky gardens. These gardens, the two longest ever built, span across its connected towers, offering unique green spaces for residents.
This development also incorporates three levels of parks, enhancing the living experience in the heart of the city.
The Pinnacle@Duxton stands out as the tallest public residential buildings globally. Despite its high-density layout, the design maintains visual connectivity with the nearby Tanjong Pagar Community Club, making it a well-integrated part of the urban landscape in Singapore.
7. Capitol Theatre
Capitol Theatre is a historic cinema and theatre located in Singapore. Designed in a Neo-Classical style, it was built in 1929 by the British architectural firm Keys and Dowdeswell. The theatre was considered one of Singapore’s finest in the 1930s.
The building features a revived neon version of its iconic Art Deco entrance sign. Elements include a curved cantilevered canopy and a vaulted roof embellished with the 12 zodiac signs.
An important landmark, Capitol Theatre was gazetted for conservation in 2007. Today, it continues to showcase its original architectural details while serving as a modern entertainment venue.
Learn more about the architecture and history of Capitol Theatre. Explore further details about its Neo-Classical design on Remember Singapore.
8. Raffles Hotel
Raffles Hotel in Singapore stands as a symbol of colonial-era luxury and history. Established in 1887 by the Sarkies Brothers, it has captivated guests for over a century.
The hotel is known for its neo-Renaissance architecture and elegant colonnaded portico.
It was named after Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, the founder of modern Singapore. The storied past of Raffles Hotel includes notable guests like Joseph Conrad, who visited while he was a seaman.
In 2019, Raffles Hotel completed a restoration to blend modern amenities with its classic charm. The hotel now features newly designed spaces that respect its heritage.
Its enduring appeal lies in its blend of history, luxury, and architectural beauty.
For more details, visit Raffles Hotel – Wikipedia.
9. National Gallery Singapore
The National Gallery Singapore is a remarkable visual arts venue. Opened on November 23, 2015, it was transformed from the former Supreme Court and City Hall historical buildings.
The building stands out for its stunning architecture, preserving the colonial charm while adding modern elements. It covers 690,000 square feet and is situated on the Padang.
When visiting, people notice the blend of old and new. The gallery’s collection includes the largest public display of modern art in Southeast Asia. This is a must-see for anyone interested in art and architecture.
10. Oasia Hotel Downtown
Oasia Hotel Downtown, designed by WOHA, is an iconic skyscraper in Singapore’s Central Business District. The building stands out with its bright red mesh façade and lush greenery, making it a striking landmark.
The hotel features a unique biophilic design, integrating plants and natural elements throughout.
This design not only enhances the visual appeal but also improves air quality and provides a cooler environment.
Oasia Hotel Downtown has received several awards, including the Building of the Year at the 17th SIA Architectural Design Awards in 2017.
Its design prioritizes sustainable practices and land use intensification, offering a refreshing contrast to the typical sleek, glass skyscrapers in urban landscapes.
The hotel’s combination of vibrant colors, natural elements, and innovative design has cemented its place as a standout architectural marvel in Singapore. For more information, you can visit their official page.
11. The Interlace
The Interlace is a notable residential complex in Singapore designed by OMA and Ole Scheeren. It stands out due to its unique architectural approach, breaking away from the typical high-rise towers.
Located at the boundary between Bukit Merah and Queenstown, the development spans an impressive eight hectares. It consists of 1,040 units, arranged in a way that resembles Jenga blocks stacked irregularly.
This intricate design creates interconnected living and social spaces, promoting community interaction.
The layout also maximizes natural light and ventilation, enhancing the living experience in Singapore’s tropical climate.
In 2015, The Interlace was awarded the World Building of the Year at the World Architecture Festival, highlighting its significance in contemporary architecture.
The complex effectively combines innovative design with practical urban living solutions.
12. Reflections at Keppel Bay
Reflections at Keppel Bay is a luxury waterfront residential complex in Singapore. Designed by Daniel Libeskind, the development covers approximately 84,000 square meters.
It features six distinctive curved glass towers, providing panoramic views of Mount Faber and Sentosa.
The complex offers 1,129 residential units with a 99-year leasehold. The towers and low-rise villas create a unique, modern skyline at the entrance to Singapore’s historic Keppel Harbor.
The project was completed in 2011. It has received several awards, including the BCA Green Mark Gold Award and recognition as the Best High Rise Development at the CNBC Asia Property Awards. For more details, you can refer to Reflections at Keppel Bay.
For more, visit ArchDaily or Wikipedia.
13. Singapore Sports Hub
Singapore Sports Hub is a key part of Singapore’s urban redevelopment plans, promoting a healthy and active lifestyle. It features the state-of-the-art, 55,000-seat National Stadium with a retractable roof and air-cooling for comfort.
The hub also includes the OCBC Aquatic Centre, a 3,000-seat facility that can expand to 6,000 seats for specific events.
The OCBC Arena is another key feature, offering a flexible, multi-purpose indoor space for various sports and events.
Additionally, the hub houses 41,000 square meters of commercial retail space, integrating sports with leisure and entertainment. This unique mixed-use ecosystem makes the Singapore Sports Hub a standout architectural achievement in the city.
14. Bishan Public Library
The Bishan Public Library, designed by LOOK Architects, was completed in 2006. Inspired by the concept of a tree house, it aims to create a unique environment for learning and discovery.
Natural light plays a key role in its design. Skylights, trellises, and colored glass transform daylight into a mix of shades and colors, creating an intriguing atmosphere.
The building’s facade features cantilevering forms, which provide cozy niches for quiet reading and contemplation. These spaces offer a sense of privacy while staying connected to the overall architectural theme.
For more information, visit the Bishan Public Library page.
15. The Hive, NTU
The Hive, located in Nanyang Technological University (NTU) in Singapore, is also called the Learning Hub South. Designed by Thomas Heatherwick, it was completed in 2015.
This innovative building consists of 12 towers with eight floors each. The design aims to foster collaboration among students. It’s often referred to as the “dim sum basket building” because it resembles the steamer baskets used for dim sum.
The Hive supports modern teaching methods, featuring open spaces and a layout that encourages interaction. This design is a deliberate shift from traditional classroom settings. Check out more details about The Hive on WikiArquitectura.
16. Helix Bridge
Helix Bridge is a famous pedestrian bridge in Singapore. It connects Marina Centre with Marina South. The bridge was officially opened on 24 April 2010.
Inspired by the double helix structure of DNA, it features two intertwining steel tubes. The design symbolizes life, continuity, and renewal. It was created by Cox Architecture in collaboration with Architects 61.
The bridge spans 280 meters and can support up to 16,000 people at one time. At night, the bridge lights up, creating a stunning visual effect.
Nearby attractions include the Marina Bay Sands Hotel and the Art Science Museum. The Helix Bridge is a striking landmark in the Marina Bay area, known for its unique and innovative design.
17. Lasalle College of the Arts
Lasalle College of the Arts is a prominent arts institution in Singapore. It was established in 1984 and offers a wide range of programs.
Students can pursue diplomas, undergraduate, and postgraduate degrees in fields like fine arts, design, dance, music, and theater.
The campus features six sculpted buildings, each five stories high. These buildings are connected through public inner courts and alleyways, creating a dynamic and engaging environment for students.
Lasalle’s architecture includes glass facets and stone cladding, providing an aesthetically pleasing and functional space. The McNally campus is a standout, known for its impressive design that integrates creativity with functionality.
For more detailed information, the college’s contemporary design and educational impact can be further explored at RSP Architects and Architizer.
18. Funan Mall
Funan Mall stands out as a premier example of mixed-use architecture in Singapore. Redesigned by Woods Bagot and developed by CapitaLand, it features a blend of retail, office, and residential spaces.
The mall offers unique amenities like a performing arts center and a co-living space called Lyf, which has 279 units. Its ground floor is accessible 24/7 by pedestrians and bicycles.
After 27 months of construction, the Funan Mall reopened as a lifestyle destination. This transformation includes green design elements and tech-integrated spaces, redefining urban living in Singapore. Learn more about this project on Woods Bagot’s official page.
19. South Beach Tower
South Beach Tower is a striking landmark in Singapore’s Downtown Core. This mixed-use complex is situated on Beach Road and includes a hotel managed by JW Marriott Hotels, an office tower, shops, and residences.
Designed by Foster + Partners, South Beach combines new construction with the restoration of historic buildings. The complex includes the former Non-Commissioned Officers’ Club building and other conservation sites, blending modern and historic architecture.
The South Beach development spans an entire city block between the Marina and Civic District. It offers a range of amenities, including cafes, restaurants, and public spaces. The South Beach Tower is notable for its energy-efficient design and sustainable features.
Standing at 217.5 meters tall, South Beach Tower is one of the tallest buildings in Singapore. Its height and design make it a prominent feature of the city skyline.
20. Marina One
Marina One is a standout in Singapore’s architectural landscape. Completed in 2017, it comprises four high-rise buildings that serve office, residential, and retail purposes.
The project, designed by Ingenhoven Architects, includes notable features like the “Green Heart,” a lush garden that provides an urban oasis in the city’s core.
The buildings achieve high environmental standards, being rated under the Green Mark Platinum and LEED Platinum schemes. The office towers offer a substantial floor area, while the residential towers provide over 1,000 apartments and penthouses.
Its innovative design promotes sustainable living and working conditions. The architecture integrates nature seamlessly, making Marina One a significant contribution to the urban environment.
Architectural Styles in Singapore
Singapore’s architecture showcases a mix of historical richness and modern innovation, reflecting its evolution over time. Three prominent styles stand out: Colonial, Modern, and Postmodern architecture.
Colonial Architecture
Colonial architecture in Singapore dates back to the British colonial period, featuring buildings with European design elements.
These structures often include large columns, tall windows, and wide verandas. An example is the Raffles Hotel, known for its neoclassical design and historical significance.
Other notable colonial-era buildings include the Old Parliament House and the Victoria Theatre and Concert Hall. These iconic buildings serve as a reminder of Singapore’s colonial past and are admired for their elegance and architectural detail.
Modern Architecture
Modern architecture in Singapore emerged in the mid-20th century and focuses on simplicity, functionality, and the use of new materials.
The renowned Sky Habitat in Bishan epitomizes this style with its striking design that maximizes space and light.
Singapore’s Marina Bay Sands is also an iconic example of modern architecture. Designed by Moshe Safdie, it features three towers connected by a sky park. Its bold lines and innovative structure highlight the city’s commitment to cutting-edge design.
Postmodern Architecture
Postmodern architecture in Singapore blends traditional forms with contemporary styles, often incorporating playful and intricate designs.
The National Gallery Singapore, housed in two historic buildings, effectively merges old and new architectural elements.
Buildings like the Marina Bay Sands also demonstrate postmodern characteristics, with their imaginative forms and incorporation of cultural motifs. This style reflects a fusion of aesthetics and functionality, aiming to create both visual appeal and practical spaces.
Influential Architects in Singapore
Singapore is home to many talented architects who have left a significant mark on its skyline. Two notable figures are K. F. Choo and Richard Meier, both of whom have made important contributions to the architecture in the city.
K. F. Choo
K. F. Choo is a household name in Singapore’s architectural scene. He played a pivotal role in the design of iconic public housing developments.
These projects are known for their modern aesthetics and functionality.
Choo’s designs incorporate green spaces and communal areas, reflecting a deep commitment to community living. His modern take on public housing has set new standards for urban living in Singapore.
In addition to housing, K. F. Choo’s influence extends to several commercial buildings that are now landmarks. His work demonstrates a balance between innovation and practicality, making him one of the most respected architects in the region.
Richard Meier
Richard Meier, an American architect, has also had a significant influence on Singapore’s architecture.
He is best known for his work on the Marina Bay Sands. This iconic structure is a prime example of modern architecture mixed with sustainable design.
Meier’s approach often involves using clean lines and white facades, creating a sense of openness and light. His projects in Singapore are no exception, reflecting his signature minimalist style.
Beyond aesthetics, Meier’s buildings also focus on sustainability. Incorporating natural light and ventilation, his designs help reduce energy consumption, setting a high bar for eco-friendly architecture in the region.
Impact of Architecture on Singapore’s Culture
Singapore’s architecture has played a big role in shaping the country’s cultural identity. Historical and modern buildings connect the past and present, while making the city a vibrant place for both residents and visitors.
Cultural Significance
Architecture in Singapore reflects the nation’s blend of cultures and history. The Colonial District boasts structures from the British era, like the Victoria Theatre and Concert Hall, which symbolize the colonial past.
Meanwhile, the Marina Bay Sands represents the city’s modern ambitions.
Temples like the Sri Mariamman Temple and the Masjid Sultan offer insight into the spiritual life of different communities. These buildings are more than just places of worship; they are cultural landmarks that contribute to Singapore’s diverse identity.
Tourism and Architecture
Singapore’s unique architectural landscape attracts millions of tourists each year.
Iconic structures like the Marina Bay Sands and Gardens by the Bay are major draws for international visitors.
These buildings not only highlight the city’s innovative design but also offer recreational spaces for locals and tourists alike.
Furthermore, historical sites such as the Raffles Hotel and Chinatown’s shophouses are preserved to showcase Singapore’s rich heritage.
This blend of old and new architecture makes the city a must-visit destination for anyone interested in history and design.