Mauritius, an island nation in the Indian Ocean, boasts a rich blend of architectural styles.
Influenced by its colonial past, its buildings illustrate a mix of Dutch, French, and British designs, combined with influences from India and East Africa.
This article will explore the top 20 architectural buildings in Mauritius, showcasing the unique character and history of each structure.
From traditional Creole huts to modern marvels, these buildings represent the diverse heritage and innovation of Mauritian architecture.
1. Aapravasi Ghat
Aapravasi Ghat is a vital part of Mauritius’s history. Located in Port Louis, it was once an immigration depot where indentured laborers arrived between 1849 and 1910.
This site is now a UNESCO World Heritage site, symbolizing the start of modern indentured labor.
Set in the bay of Trou Fanfaron, Aapravasi Ghat marks the resilience and perseverance of thousands who journeyed to Mauritius.
Visitors can explore the remains and learn about the laborers’ experiences.
Its historical significance has led to the establishment of the Aapravasi Ghat Trust Fund, ensuring its preservation and promotion.
To visit, you can find it easily on Quay Street, near the central market and bus station in Port Louis.
2. Château de Labourdonnais
Château de Labourdonnais is a prime example of colonial architecture located in the northern part of Mauritius.
Built in 1859, this grand mansion has been restored beautifully and stands as a testament to the island’s rich history.
The estate originally served as a sugar mill in the 1770s. It later expanded to a sprawling 1,400 acres under Jacques de Chasteigner Du Mée.
The mansion invites visitors to explore the 19th-century Mauritian lifestyle.
The grounds and gardens are equally captivating, providing a picturesque backdrop that complements the historic charm of the mansion.
Visitors can also enjoy the beautiful gardens, filled with Intendance trees and other native flora.
Explore more about the captivating Château de Labourdonnais online.
3. Le Morne Brabant
Le Morne Brabant is located at the southwestern tip of Mauritius. This peninsula features a stunning basaltic monolith standing 556 meters high. The area covers over 12 hectares and includes many caves and overhangs.
Historically, Le Morne Brabant served as a refuge for runaway slaves during the 18th and early 19th centuries.
Today, it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, celebrated for its natural beauty and historical significance.
A hike up the mountain offers breathtaking views. The trail is around 7 kilometers and takes approximately 3 to 4 hours to complete.
The first part of the hike is on even ground, while the latter part is steep.
Le Morne Brabant is surrounded by a lagoon, making it a popular tourist attraction. Visitors often come to experience both its natural and historical importance.
4. Eureka House
Eureka House, located near the Mauritian river Moka, is a prime example of 19th-century Creole architecture.
Built around 1836, this mansion showcases the style and elegance of its time.
Originally owned by Sir Henri Le Clézio, Eureka House has passed through generations of his descendants. The family made its fortune from the sugar industry before experiencing various changes over the years.
Today, Eureka House stands as a museum and tourist attraction.
Visitors can explore the historic rooms and gardens filled with exotic plants and flowers. The house also holds many artifacts that tell the story of its rich past.
For more details about this historic mansion, visit Eureka House: Stepping Back in Time to Mauritius’ Rich History.
5. Blue Penny Museum
The Blue Penny Museum is situated at the Caudan Waterfront in Port Louis. Opened in November 2001, it focuses on the art and history of Mauritius, featuring an impressive collection of artifacts.
One highlight is the rare 1847 Blue Penny stamp, which is among the world’s most famous and valuable stamps.
The museum also showcases historical documents, maps, and engravings.
It was founded by The Mauritius Commercial Bank, aiming to preserve and display the cultural heritage of Mauritius. The museum’s modern design complements its rich and diverse exhibits.
For those interested in Mauritian history and postal heritage, visiting the Blue Penny Museum offers a comprehensive view of the island’s past.
Detailed descriptions of the artifacts enhance the experience and provide deeper insights into the region’s development.
6. St Louis Cathedral
St Louis Cathedral stands proudly in Port Louis, Mauritius. This Roman Catholic cathedral is one of the oldest and most significant churches on the island.
Built between 1752 and 1756, it serves as a notable example of French colonial architecture.
The first structure, completed by Joseph-François Charpentier de Cossigny, faced multiple challenges, including hurricanes in 1760 and 1773.
Despite these setbacks, the cathedral was rebuilt several times, showcasing the resilience of the local community.
Restored in 1925, the cathedral today remains a vital place of worship. It also attracts visitors who appreciate its historical and architectural value. The cathedral is named in honor of King Louis IX of France and King Louis XV.
For more details, you can visit St. Louis Cathedral, Port-Louis and learn about its rich heritage.
7. Caudan Waterfront
Caudan Waterfront is a prominent commercial and leisure hub in Port Louis, the capital of Mauritius. It features a mix of shops, restaurants, and entertainment facilities.
The site includes notable buildings like the Blue Penny Museum and Le Labourdonnais hotel.
The architectural design harmoniously combines modern aesthetics with historical influences, making it a significant attraction.
Visitors can enjoy scenic views of the marina while exploring various boutiques and eateries.
The development is a vibrant part of urban life, offering diverse experiences in shopping and dining. For more details, check out the information on Caudan Waterfront.
8. National History Museum
The National History Museum in Mauritius showcases the island’s rich history. It originated from the Naval Relics Museum, established in 1934 by the Mauritius Railways.
In 1941, it began operating under the Mauritius Institute.
Visitors can explore exhibits that trace Mauritius’ history from its discovery by the Portuguese in the 16th century.
The museum highlights the colonizations by the Dutch, French, and English, ending in the 19th century. It offers a comprehensive look at social and cultural history.
For more details, you can visit the National History Museum’s webpage.
9. SSR Botanical Garden
The Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam Botanic Garden, also known as the SSR Botanical Garden, is a must-see in Mauritius.
Located in Pamplemousses, near Port Louis, it is the oldest botanical garden in the Southern Hemisphere.
Famous for its giant water lilies, the garden offers a scenic and tranquil experience. It spans over 37 hectares and houses a wide array of exotic plants and trees.
Visitors can also explore the Chateau de Mon Plaisir, a historical structure from the 19th century.
The garden is home to many medicinal and spice corners, adding to its unique charm.
A guided tour is recommended for those who want to learn more about the garden’s diverse species and rich history.
10. Casela Nature Parks
Casela Nature Parks is one of Mauritius’s premier attractions, located in the western part of the island.
The park spans over 350 hectares and features diverse landscapes and animal habitats.
Visitors can experience a variety of activities, from walking with lions to quad biking.
The park is divided into five zones, including Thrill Mountain and African Safari.
Casela is home to over 1,800 animals, including lions, rhinos, and monkeys.
The park also showcases Mauritian flora and fauna, with centenarian trees and endemic species providing a natural backdrop.
Offering a blend of education, adventure, and relaxation, Casela Nature Parks stands out for its attractions and experiences curated for all age groups.
Visitors can enjoy everything from zip-lining to serene walks among the landscapes.
11. Gris-Gris
Gris-Gris, located in the south of Mauritius near the village of Souillac, is famous for its rugged beauty and untamed landscape.
Unlike the calm, turquoise beaches elsewhere on the island, Gris-Gris features dramatic cliffs and wild waves.
This area is not suitable for swimming due to strong currents and large waves.
Instead, visitors are encouraged to explore the beautiful cliffs and enjoy the stunning ocean views.
One can also find a natural cave carved by the waves, which is a must-see attraction.
Gris-Gris offers a unique experience for those looking to see a wilder side of Mauritius.
The absence of a coral reef barrier makes the waves here particularly intense, creating an extraordinary and memorable landscape. Visit Gris-Gris for an adventure unlike any other spot on the island.
12. Grand Bassin
Grand Bassin, also known as Ganga Talao, is a sacred crater lake located in the Savanne district of Mauritius. This beautiful site sits about 550 meters above sea level.
The lake is considered the most important Hindu pilgrimage site on the island. It attracts up to 400,000 devotees during Maha Shivratri, an annual festival in honor of Lord Shiva.
Grand Bassin is surrounded by several temples and colorful Hindu statues.
One prominent statue is the 33-meter tall figure of Lord Shiva, one of the tallest statues in Mauritius.
In 1972, a priest from India ceremonially poured sacred water from the River Ganges into the lake, further enhancing its religious significance.
This spot offers not only spiritual enrichment but also a serene environment for visitors.
The lush, green landscape and peaceful waters of Grand Bassin make it a notable site for those seeking tranquility.
13. Henrietta Falls
Henrietta Falls, also known as Tamarind Falls, is a stunning natural attraction in Mauritius.
Located in the village of Henrietta in the Plaines Wilhems District, it is about an hour’s drive from Port Louis.
The falls consist of seven cascades, surrounded by lush greenery and scenic views.
It’s a popular spot for hiking and nature enthusiasts. The hike to the falls offers breathtaking views of the mountains, rivers, and forests.
Henrietta Falls is an ideal destination for those seeking adventure and tranquility.
Visitors can enjoy the serene environment, take photos, and explore the diverse flora and fauna of the area.
For more information, you can visit the Tripadvisor review of Seven Falls. This destination is a must-see for anyone visiting Mauritius.
14. Ilot Fourneau
Ilot Fourneau is a small, desolate islet located off the southwest coast of Mauritius, near Le Morne Brabant. This islet is unique for its accessibility during low tide, allowing visitors to walk from the shore to the islet.
The islet offers a serene and almost surreal experience. It is surrounded by clear waters and offers stunning views, especially of the nearby Le Morne Brabant.
Visitors can admire the local marine life and the beautiful lagoon while walking to Ilot Fourneau.
Given its isolation, the islet remains largely untouched, providing a peaceful escape from the busier parts of Mauritius.
Proper footwear is recommended due to the rocky terrain.
To enjoy this unique adventure, timing your visit with the low tide is crucial. This ensures a safe and enjoyable trip for all.
15. Ile aux Serpents
Ile aux Serpents, also known as Snake Island, showcases the natural beauty of Mauritius. This small islet lies in the turquoise waters of the Indian Ocean.
It offers an incredible mix of marine life and stunning views.
Many people enjoy visiting Ile aux Serpents for its unspoiled nature. It remains largely untouched by humans.
This makes it a great spot for those looking to explore a hidden gem.
The island is near other famous islets like Flat Island and Île Plate. Travelers can easily visit multiple spots in one trip.
Its proximity to these islands adds to the appeal of Isle aux Serpents.
Learn more about the enchantment of Ile aux Serpents at RejuveWay.
16. Mahébourg Market
Mahébourg Market is located in the small town of Mahébourg on the southeast coast of Mauritius. This vibrant market is one of the main attractions in the area, offering a lively atmosphere and a broad array of goods.
The market is well-known for its variety of fresh produce, including local fruits and vegetables. Visitors can also find a selection of spices, textiles, and handmade crafts.
Mahébourg Market is not just a shopping destination; it’s a cultural experience. The market’s ambiance reflects the rich history and diverse influences of Mauritius.
The nearby lagoon adds to its scenic charm.
For tourists, joining a guided tour provides a deeper insight into the area’s sights and sounds. The central location of the market makes it easy to explore the surrounding attractions, including beaches and museums, enhancing the overall experience.
17. Pamplemousses Botanical Garden
Pamplemousses Botanical Garden, also known as Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam Botanical Garden, is located in the district of Pamplemousses, just a 20-minute drive from Port Louis.
This garden, established in 1736, spans about 37.5 hectares. It boasts a wide variety of flora, including giant Amazon water lilies and numerous palm species.
Visitors can explore from 8:30 AM to 5:30 PM daily. A modest entrance fee applies, making it an accessible attraction for both adults and children.
Guided tours offer in-depth insights into the garden’s history and plant species.
Pamplemousses Botanical Garden is a must-see for anyone interested in botany and history. Its serene environment provides a perfect escape for nature lovers.
18. Sanctuaire de Saint André
Sanctuaire de Saint André is a notable religious site in Mauritius. It is located in the town of Sainte-Croix. This historic church is known for its serene ambiance and beautiful architecture.
The building features a classic European architectural style. Visitors are often impressed by its elegant design and intricate details.
The inside of the church is just as captivating, with stunning stained glass windows.
Sanctuaire de Saint André serves as a place of worship and a tourist attraction. Many come to the church for both spiritual renewal and to admire its beauty.
The church’s location in Sainte-Croix adds to its charm, surrounded by picturesque scenery.
19. La Vanille Nature Park
La Vanille Nature Park is a leading conservation-led wildlife park in Riviere des Anguilles, located in the south of Mauritius. This park is famous for its large colony of Aldabra giant tortoises, one of the largest species of giant tortoise, with some shells weighing around 250kg.
Visitors can enjoy the diverse flora and fauna, including many rare and endangered species. The park also houses a wide range of reptiles, amphibians, and insects, making it a fascinating destination for animal lovers.
La Vanille Nature Park is open from 8:30 to 17:30 during the summer season and from 8:30 to 17:00 during the winter season.
Inside the park, the “Hungry Crocodile” restaurant is available for visitors from 11:00. For more details, visit the official site.
20. Trou aux Cerfs
Trou aux Cerfs is a dormant volcanic crater located about 1 kilometer from Curepipe. The crater is 100 meters deep and has a diameter of around 350 meters.
This natural attraction offers panoramic views of the central plateau of Mauritius.
The area around Trou aux Cerfs is heavily wooded. Visitors often enjoy walking or jogging along the rim.
There are benches for resting and taking in the scenery.
Known as Murr’s Volcano, the site is well-loved by tourists for its unique geological features. You can explore more details about Trou aux Cerfs on Mauritius Attractions.
Architectural Styles in Mauritius
Mauritius boasts a diverse array of architectural styles, shaped by its historical colonial influences and modern advancements. The unique blend of these styles creates a captivating landscape of buildings that reflect the island’s rich history and culture.
Colonial Architecture
Colonial architecture in Mauritius is a testament to the island’s complex past. Structures from the Dutch, French, and British colonial periods remain, showcasing a mixture of European design elements adapted to the local climate.
One notable example is the Mauritius Commercial Bank building in Quatre Bornes, revealing French colonial influences blended with traditional Mauritian aesthetics.
Key features:
- Vernacular materials: Wood and stone were commonly used.
- Wide verandas: Essential for ventilation in the tropical climate.
- Pitched roofs: Often with wooden shingles to deal with heavy rainfall.
These buildings often feature elegant ironwork and large shutters, combining functionality with stylish European details.
Structures like the Traditional Architecture of Mauritius further illustrate the integration of local and colonial styles, making them unique to the island.
Modern Architecture
In recent decades, modern architecture in Mauritius has taken its own distinctive path. It emphasizes sustainability and utilizes contemporary materials and techniques.
Buildings such as the Mauritius Commercial Bank completed in 2012, highlight innovative design while respecting environmental considerations.
Key features:
- Sustainable practices: Use of eco-friendly materials and energy-efficient designs.
- Sleek lines and minimalism: A focus on simplicity and functionality.
- Integration with nature: Incorporation of natural elements like greenery and water features.
These modern structures often include large glass facades, open spaces, and high-tech amenities, reflecting both global architectural trends and local cultural elements.
These advancements represent the continuing evolution of Mauritian architecture into the 21st century, merging tradition with innovation.
Influence of Cultural Diversity
Mauritius’s architecture reflects a blend of various cultural influences due to its history of colonization and migration. Key influences include elements from Indian and French architectural styles, which are prominently visible in the island’s buildings.
Indian Influence
Indian influence in Mauritian architecture is notable through the use of intricate woodwork and vibrant color schemes.
Traditional Indian styles are often characterized by arched doorways and windows, as well as decorative motifs that reflect religious and cultural symbols.
In Mauritius, many buildings feature wooden balconies and railings designed with elaborate carvings. Hindu temples on the island exhibit this style prominently, showcasing colorful and ornate decorations.
The use of courtyards and verandas in residential architecture also mirrors typical Indian designs, providing both aesthetic beauty and functional cooling in the tropical climate.
Additionally, elements of Indian architecture are integrated with other styles to create unique hybrids.
This blending is evident in the cultural hubs and marketplaces across Mauritius, where one can see traditional Indian craftsmanship harmoniously combined with other influences.
French Influence
French architectural influence is widely visible in Mauritius, particularly dating back to the colonial period.
French settlers introduced features like colonnades, symmetrical layouts, and steep-pitched roofs.
Colonial-era buildings often include large verandas that wrap around the buildings, designed both for shade and social interaction.
The famous colonial houses in Mauritius are an excellent example, with their elegant wooden beams and corrugated iron roofs.
French influence extends to public buildings and churches, which showcase Gothic and Baroque elements.
Structures built in this style often feature high ceilings, tall windows, and aesthetic detailing that speaks to the craftsmanship of the time.
French architectural principles have contributed significantly to creating picturesque and functional spaces that are still celebrated today.